memex
in "As We May Think", an essay by Vannevar Bush which, to some extent, predicted many kinds of technologies invented after its publication (including hypertext, personal computers and the World Wide Web). the essay describes a memex as an electromechanical device enabling individuals to develop and read a large self-contained research library, create and follow associative trails of links and personal annotations, and recall these trails at any time to share them with other researchers.